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A catalogue of chromospherically active binary stars (third edition)
The catalogue of chromospherically active binaries (CABs) has beenrevised and updated. With 203 new identifications, the number of CABstars is increased to 409. The catalogue is available in electronicformat where each system has a number of lines (suborders) with a uniqueorder number. The columns contain data of limited numbers of selectedcross references, comments to explain peculiarities and the position ofthe binarity in case it belongs to a multiple system, classicalidentifications (RS Canum Venaticorum, BY Draconis), brightness andcolours, photometric and spectroscopic data, a description of emissionfeatures (CaII H and K, Hα, ultraviolet, infrared),X-ray luminosity, radio flux, physical quantities and orbitalinformation, where each basic entry is referenced so users can go to theoriginal sources.
| Very Large Array Plus Pie Town Astrometry of 46 Radio Stars
We have used the Very Large Array, linked with the Pie Town Very LongBaseline Array antenna, to determine astrometric positions of 46 radiostars in the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF). Positionswere obtained in the ICRF directly through phase referencing of thestars to nearby ICRF quasars whose positions are accurate at the 0.25mas level. Radio star positions are estimated to be accurate at the 10mas level, with position errors approaching a few milliarcseconds forsome of the stars observed. Our measured positions were combined withprevious measurements taken from as early as 1978 to obtainproper-motion estimates for all 46 stars with average uncertainties of~1.7 mas yr-1. We compared our radio star positions andproper motions with the Hipparcos Catalogue data and found consistencyin the reference frames produced by each data set on the 1 σlevel, with errors of ~2.7 mas per axis for the reference frameorientation angles at our mean epoch of 2003.78. No significant spin isfound between our radio data frame and the Hipparcos Celestial ReferenceFrame, with the largest rotation rates of +0.55 and -0.41 masyr-1 around the x- and z-axes, respectively, with 1 σerrors of 0.36 mas yr-1. Thus, our results are consistentwith a nonrotating Hipparcos frame with respect to the ICRF.
| Dynamical evolution of active detached binaries on the logJo-logM diagram and contact binary formation
Orbital angular momentum (OAM, Jo), systemic mass (M) andorbital period (P) distributions of chromospherically active binaries(CAB) and W Ursae Majoris (W UMa) systems were investigated. Thediagrams of and logJo-logM were formed from 119 CAB and 102 WUMa stars. The logJo-logM diagram is found to be mostmeaningful in demonstrating dynamical evolution of binary star orbits. Aslightly curved borderline (contact border) separating the detached andthe contact systems was discovered on the logJo-logM diagram.Since the orbital size (a) and period (P) of binaries are determined bytheir current Jo, M and mass ratio, q, the rates of OAM loss(dlogJo/dt) and mass loss (dlogM/dt) are primary parametersto determine the direction and the speed of the dynamical evolution. Adetached system becomes a contact system if its own dynamical evolutionenables it to pass the contact border on the logJo-logMdiagram. The evolution of q for a mass-losing detached system is unknownunless the mass-loss rate for each component is known. Assuming q isconstant in the first approximation and using the mean decreasing ratesof Jo and M from the kinematical ages of CAB stars, it hasbeen predicted that 11, 23 and 39 per cent of current CAB stars wouldtransform to W UMa systems if their nuclear evolution permits them tolive 2, 4 and 6 Gyr, respectively.
| Pulkovo compilation of radial velocities for 35495 stars in a common system.
Not Available
| Mass loss and orbital period decrease in detached chromospherically active binaries
The secular evolution of the orbital angular momentum (OAM), thesystemic mass (M=M1+M2) and the orbital period of114 chromospherically active binaries (CABs) were investigated afterdetermining the kinematical ages of the subsamples which were setaccording to OAM bins. OAMs, systemic masses and orbital periods wereshown to be decreasing by the kinematical ages. The first-orderdecreasing rates of OAM, systemic mass and orbital period have beendetermined as per systemic OAM, per systemic mass and per orbitalperiod, respectively, from the kinematical ages. The ratio of d logJ/dlogM= 2.68, which were derived from the kinematics of the presentsample, implies that there must be a mechanism which amplifies theangular momentum loss (AML) times in comparison to isotropic AML ofhypothetical isotropic wind from the components. It has been shown thatsimple isotropic mass loss from the surface of a component or bothcomponents would increase the orbital period.
| Photoelectric Minima of Some Eclipsing Binary Stars
Not Available
| A catalogue of eclipsing variables
A new catalogue of 6330 eclipsing variable stars is presented. Thecatalogue was developed from the General Catalogue of Variable Stars(GCVS) and its textual remarks by including recently publishedinformation about classification of 843 systems and making correspondingcorrections of GCVS data. The catalogue1 represents thelargest list of eclipsing binaries classified from observations.
| Optical Photometry and Spectroscopy of the Suspected ``Cool Algol'' AV Delphini: Determination of the Physical Properties
We present new spectroscopic and BVRI photometric observations of thedouble-lined eclipsing binary AV Del (period=3.85 days) conducted oversix observing seasons. A detailed radial velocity and light-curveanalysis of the optical data shows the system to be most likelysemidetached, with the less massive and cooler star filling its Rochelobe. The system is probably a member of the rare class of ``coolAlgol'' systems, which are distinguished from the ``classical'' Algolsystems in that the mass-gaining component is also a late-type starrather than a B- or A-type star. By combining the spectroscopic andphotometric analyses, we derive accurate absolute masses for thecomponents of M1=1.453+/-0.028Msolar andM2=0.705+/-0.014Msolar and radii ofR1=2.632+/-0.030Rsolar andR2=4.233+/-0.060Rsolar, as well as effectivetemperatures of 6000+/-200 and 4275+/-150 K for the primary andsecondary, respectively. There are no obvious signs of activity(spottedness) in the optical light curve of the binary.
| The Eclipsing Binary System AR Monocerotis
New differential UBV photoelectric photometry and echelle spectroscopyfor the eclipsing binary AR Mon are presented. A total of 46 radialvelocities for each component are obtained using the TODCOR procedure.We solve the new and previously published multicolor light curvessimultaneously with the new radial velocities using the latest versionof the Wilson-Devinney program. We confirm that AR Mon is a semidetachedbinary consisting of two evolved giant stars and is a member of the rareclass of ``cool Algols.'' The size of the primary, more massivecomponent is about 1/3 that of its limiting lobe, and the secondary staris a lobe filler. We present two solutions, one without third light, theother including amounts of third light of 8% in V, 6% in B, and 5% in U.We determine magnitudes and colors for AR Mon's two components, as wellas for the third star. If real, the latter is estimated to be a dwarfforeground star. The mass and radius of the primary(2.480+/-0.014Msolar, 8.002+/-0.089Rsolar) placethe star very close to the evolutionary track of a 2.5Msolarsingle star of solar chemical composition, indicating that the star mayhave adjusted its structure to mass gained from its companion.Synchronous rotation rates for both stars are in excellent agreementwith vsini values determined from line profiles.
| SB9: The ninth catalogue of spectroscopic binary orbits
The Ninth Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits(http://sb9.astro.ulb.ac.be) continues the series of compilations ofspectroscopic orbits carried out over the past 35 years by Batten andcollaborators. As of 2004 May 1st, the new Catalogue holds orbits for2386 systems. Some essential differences between this catalogue and itspredecessors are outlined and three straightforward applications arepresented: (1) completeness assessment: period distribution of SB1s andSB2s; (2) shortest periods across the H-R diagram; (3)period-eccentricity relation.
| Updated Elements for Southern Eclipsing Binaries
Analysis of ASAS-3 data for 442 southern eclipsing binaries yielded 131stars with incorrect periods listed in the GCVS catalog
| Up-to-Date Linear Elements of Eclipsing Binaries
About 1800 O-C diagrams of eclipsing binaries were analyzed and up-todate linear elements were computed. The regularly updated ephemerides(as a continuation of SAC) are available only in electronic form at theInternet address: http://www.as.ap.krakow.pl/ephem/.
| Kinematics of chromospherically active binaries and evidence of an orbital period decrease in binary evolution
The kinematics of 237 chromospherically active binaries (CABs) werestudied. The sample is heterogeneous with different orbits andphysically different components from F to M spectral-type main-sequencestars to G and K giants and supergiants. The computed U, V, W spacevelocities indicate that the sample is also heterogeneous in velocityspace. That is, both kinematically younger and older systems exist amongthe non-evolved main sequence and the evolved binaries containing giantsand subgiants. The kinematically young (0.95 Gyr) subsample (N= 95),which is formed according to the kinematical criteria of moving groups,was compared with the rest (N= 142) of the sample (3.86 Gyr) toinvestigate any observational clues of binary evolution. Comparing theorbital period histograms between the younger and older subsamples,evidence was found supporting the finding of Demircan that the CABs losemass (and angular momentum) and evolve towards shorter orbital periods.The evidence of mass loss is noticeable on the histograms of the totalmass (Mh+Mc), which is compared between theyounger (only N= 53 systems available) and older subsamples (only N= 66systems available). The orbital period decrease during binary evolutionis found to be clearly indicated by the kinematical ages of 6.69, 5.19and 3.02 Gyr which were found in the subsamples according to the periodranges of logP<= 0.8, 0.8 < logP<= 1.7 and 1.7 < logP<=3, respectively, among the binaries in the older subsample.
| Catalogue of Algol type binary stars
A catalogue of (411) Algol-type (semi-detached) binary stars ispresented in the form of five separate tables of information. Thecatalogue has developed from an earlier version by including more recentinformation and an improved layout. A sixth table lists (1872) candidateAlgols, about which fewer details are known at present. Some issuesrelating to the classification and interpretation of Algol-like binariesare also discussed.Catalogue is only available in electronic form at the CDS via anonymousftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/417/263
| From the Solar Corona to Clusters of Galaxies: The Radio Astronomy of Bruce Slee
Owen Bruce Slee is one of the pioneers of Australian radio astronomy.During World War II he independently discovered solar radio emission,and, after joining the CSIRO Division of Radiophysics, used a successionof increasingly more sophisticated radio telescopes to examine anamazing variety of celestial objects and phenomena. These ranged fromthe solar corona and other targets in our solar system, to differenttypes of stars and the ISM in our Galaxy, and beyond to distant galaxiesand clusters of galaxies. Although long retired, Slee continues to carryout research, with emphasis on active stars and clusters of galaxies. Aquiet and unassuming man, Slee has spent more than half a century makingan important, wide-ranging contribution to astronomy, and his workdeserves to be more widely known.
| VLA Radio Positions of Stars: 1978-1995
VLA astrometric positions of the radio emission from 52 stars arereported, from observations obtained between 1978 and 1995. Thepositions of these stars have been obtained and reduced in a uniformmanner. Based on our measurements, the offset of the optical (Hipparcos)frame from the radio reference frame is in agreement with the Hipparcosextragalactic link results, within their mean errors. Comparison of theVLA measurements with the Hipparcos optical positions confirms earlierestimates of the accuracy of these positions as 30 mas. Long-termmeasurements of UX Ari have improved its proper motion.
| Optical Photometry and X-Ray Monitoring of the ``Cool Algol'' BD +05°706: Determination of the Physical Properties
We present new photometric observations in the BVRI bands of thedouble-lined eclipsing binary BD +05°706 conducted over threeobserving seasons, as well as new X-ray observations obtained with ROSATcovering a full orbital cycle (P=18.9 days). A detailed light-curveanalysis of the optical data shows the system to be semidetached,confirming indications from an earlier analysis by Torres et al.(published in 1998), with the less massive and cooler star filling itsRoche lobe. The system is a member of the rare class of cool Algolsystems, which are different from the ``classical'' Algol systems inthat the mass-gaining component is also a late-type star rather than aB- or A-type star. By combining the new photometry with a reanalysis ofthe spectroscopic observations reported by Torres et al., we deriveaccurate absolute masses for the components ofM1=2.633+/-0.028 Msolar andM2=0.5412+/-0.0093 Msolar, radii ofR1=7.55+/-0.20 Rsolar andR2=11.02+/-0.21 Rsolar, as well as effectivetemperatures of 5000+/-100 and 4640+/-150 K, for the primary andsecondary, respectively. There are obvious signs of activity(spottedness) in the optical light curve of the binary. Our X-ray lightcurve clearly shows the primary eclipse but not the secondary eclipse,suggesting that the primary star is the dominant source of the activityin the system. The depth and duration of the eclipse allow us to infersome of the properties of the X-ray-emitting region around that star.
| Vitesses radiales photoélectriques de binaires àéclipses. VI. Orbites spectroscopiques et éléments physiques de 12 étoiles doubles Photoelectric radial velocities of eclipsing binaries VI. Orbital and physical elements of 12 double stars
Spectroscopic orbits of the 12 eclipsing binary systems, TW And, CD And,RS Ari, RU Cnc, TW Cnc, UU Cnc, V788 Cyg, AW Her, MM Her, RV Lib, EW Oriand ZZ UMa are obtained from Coravel and Elodie radial velocitymeasurements. We obtain a first orbit for CD And, RS Ari, TW Cnc, andV788 Cyg. For the systems TW And, RU Cnc, UU Cnc, AW Her, MM Her, RVLib, EW Ori and ZZ UMa, the new spectroscopic orbits are either betteror of quality comparable to that previously published. The physicalproperties of these systems were estimated with the photometricparameters from available data except CD And, TW Cnc, UU Cnc, V788 Cygand RV Lib for which we found a model compatible with the observations.The systems RU Cnc, AW Her, MM Her and RV Lib belong to RS CVn group. Ingeneral these systems were difficult to observe with Coravel, on the onehand because the stars are relatively weak and on the other hand becauseof nature of the components giving peaks of correlation with weakcontrast. La plupart des observations ont étéeffectuées àl'Observatoire de Haute-Provence (CNRS).Based, in part, on observations collected at the European SouthernObservatory, la Silla, Chile. La Table 1 est disponible seulement sousforme électronique au CDS via ftp à cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr(130.79.128.5) ou viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/387/850
| The comparative accuracy of photographic observations of radio stars observed at the Engelhardt Astronomical Observatory
At the Engelhardt Astronomical Observatory (EAO), we observedphotographic positions of 113 Galactic Radio Sources (GRS) in the systemPPM catalogue (Rizvanov & Dautov 1998). Analysis of their accuracyis made by comparison with the Hipparcos catalogue (Perryman et al.1997) and astrometric catalogue of radio stars in the radio window fromthe article of Walter et al. (1991). Table 2 is only available inelectronic form at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr(130.79.128.5) or viahttp://cdsweb.u-strasbg.fr/cgi-bin/qcat?J/A+A/375/670
| Stars with the Largest Hipparcos Photometric Amplitudes
A list of the 2027 stars that have the largest photometric amplitudes inHipparcos Photometry shows that most variable stars are all Miras. Thepercentage of variable types change as a function of amplitude. Thiscompilation should also be of value to photometrists looking forrelatively unstudied, but large amplitude stars.
| On X-Ray Variability in Active Binary Stars
We have compared the X-ray emissions of active binary stars observed atvarious epochs by the Einstein and ROSAT satellites in order toinvestigate the nature of their X-ray variability. The primary aim ofthis work is to determine whether or not active binaries exhibitlong-term variations in X-ray emission, perhaps analogous to theobserved cyclic behavior of solar magnetic activity. We find that, whilethe mean level of emission of the sample remains steady, comparison ofdifferent ROSAT observations of the same stars shows significantvariation on timescales <~2 yr, with an ``effective variability''ΔI/I=0.32+/-0.04, where I and ΔI represent the mean emissionand variation from the mean emission, respectively. A comparison of theROSAT All-Sky Survey and later pointed observations with earlierobservations of the same stars carried out with Einstein yields onlymarginal evidence for a larger variation (ΔI/I=0.38+/-0.04 forEinstein vs. ROSAT All-Sky Survey and 0.46+/-0.05 for Einstein vs. ROSATpointed) at these longer timescales (~10 yr), thus indicating thepossible presence of a long-term component to the variability. Whetheror not this long-term component is due to the presence of cyclicvariability cannot be decided on the basis of existing data. However,assuming that this component is analogous to the observed cyclicvariability of the Sun, we find that the relative magnitude of thecyclic component in the ROSAT passband can, at most, be a factor of 4,i.e., I_cyc/I_min<4. This is to be compared with the correspondingbut significantly higher solar value of ~10-10^2 derived from GOES,Yohkoh, and Solrad data. These results are consistent with thesuggestions of earlier studies that a turbulent or distributive dynamomight be responsible for the observed magnetic activity on the mostactive, rapidly rotating stars.
| Radio star catalogue observed in San Juan (RSSJ95)
Using the data observed in San Juan with the photoelectric AstrolabeMark II of the Beijing Astronomical Observatory from February, 1992 toMarch, 1997, the radio star catalogue in San Juan(RSSJ95) has beencompiled. There are 69 radio stars in this catalogue. The positions ofthe radio stars are for the epoch of observation and the equinox J2000.0and a system close to that of the system FK5. The mean precisions are+/-2.2 ms and +/-0.035'' in right ascensions and declinations,respectively. The magnitudes of stars are from 0.9 to 10.7. Thedeclinations are from -2fdg 5 to -60(deg) . The mean epoch is 1995.1.Finally, the comparison results between the Hipparcos catalogue andRSSJ95 are given.
| Early Radio Positions of Stars
Early radio positions for a sample of 100 Hipparcos stars, threeTycho-only stars, and nine radio stars with optical positions referredto the Hipparcos/ICRS frame are analyzed. The optical proper motions areused to compare the optical and radio positions. From an original sampleof 247 radio positions for the above 112 stars, a set of 220 showscoincidence between the optical and radio centers of emission closerthan 500 mas. This set is analyzed for systematic departures between theoptical and radio positions. A smaller subset of 136 early radiopositions for 72 stars show radio-minus-optical offsets smaller than 100mas and are useful for monitoring of the spin of the Hipparcos frame.
| Magnetic activity and evolution of Algol-type stars - II
We examine the possibility of probing dynamo action in mass-losingstars, components of Algol-type binaries. Our analysis is based on thecalculation of non-conservative evolution of these systems. We model thesystems USge and betaPer where the more massive companion fills itsRoche lobe at the main sequence (case AB) and where it has a smallhelium core (early case B) respectively. We show that to maintainevolution of these systems at the late stages which are presumablydriven by stellar `magnetic braking', an efficient mechanism forproducing large-scale surface magnetic fields in the donor star isneeded. We discuss the relevance of dynamo operation in the donor starto the accelerated mass transfer during the late stages of evolution ofAlgol-type binaries. We suggest that the observed X-ray activity inAlgol-type systems may be a good indicator of their evolutionary statusand internal structure of the mass-losing stellar components.
| BD +05 706: A New Member of the Class of ``Cool Algols''
We report the serendipitous discovery of an Algol-type binary with anorbital period of 18.9 days, in which both components are cool giants(G8 III and K1-K2 III). Few systems with these characteristics are knownand are referred to as ``cool Algols,'' as opposed to the ``classicalAlgols'' in which the mass-gaining component resembles an early-typemain-sequence star. The nature of this object, which is a strong X-raysource, was discovered in the course of a spectroscopic search for TTauri stars among ROSAT All-Sky Survey sources. We derive a double-linedspectroscopic orbit leading to minimum masses of M_A = 2.481 +/- 0.023M_ȯ and M_B = 0.515 +/- 0.011 M_ȯ and a corresponding mass ratioof q ~ 0.21. We measure also projected rotational velocities of 22 and31 km s^-1, respectively, and a luminosity ratio of l_B/l_A = 1.06 +/-0.04 at ~5200 Å. The system is probably semidetached, with theaxial spin of the components synchronized with the orbital motion, andthe probability of eclipses is high. The general properties of BD +05deg706, most likely a result of case B mass exchange, are very similarto those of the other known members of this class. We discuss thecorrelation between the mass of the hotter, detached components andtheir effective temperature for all cool Algols, noted previously by D.M. Popper, as well as a trend with the orbital period. Chromosphericactivity indicators in BD +05 deg706 are compared with those of othermembers of its class, as well as with those of the classical Algols andthe RS CVn binaries. Some of the observations reported here wereobtained with the Multiple Mirror Telescope, a joint facility of theSmithsonian Institution and the University of Arizona. Based onobservations obtained during program 57.E-0646 with the 1.5 m telescopeof the European Southern Observatory on La Silla, Chile. Based onobservations obtained with the 1.23 m and 2.2 m telescopes of theGerman-Spanish Calar Alto Observatory, Spain.
| San Juan radio star catalogue and comparison with HIPPARCOS catalogue.
Not Available
| Common chromospheres - roundchroms - as a means for the study of binary systems
An independent method based on the concept of common chromospheres -roundchroms - is proposed for the determination of the radii of the maincomponents of RS CVn-type close binary systems. The essence of themethod is in the coincidence of the radius of the main component of thebinary system with the equipotential zero-velocity surface for somevalues of the Jacobi constant. As an illustration, the method is appliedto a sample of 15 RS CVn-type systems, and as a result the revised radiiof the main components in the systems are determined. The mainparameters, particularly the volumes, electron concentrations and massesof the roundchroms, are obtained as well. Empirical dependences of theelectron concentration in the roundchrom, n_e, and of the 2800 Mg iidoublet luminosity, L(Mg ii), on intercomponent distance a werediscovered, the first in the form n_e~a^-0.85 and the second in the formL(Mg ii)~a^1.66. The formation of a roundchrom in close binary systemsis inevitable, and the roundchrom is as essential a physical formationfor binary systems as are the corona and chromosphere for single stars.
| Accurate Positions for Radio Stars as Determined from CCD Observations in the Extragalactic Reference Frame.
Abstract image available at:http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-bib_query?1997AJ....114.1679S&db_key=AST
| The structure of roundchroms in close binary systems
The determination of common chromospheres - roundchroms - for 32 closebinary systems, all of RS CVn type, is described; the main parameters ofthese roundchroms - volumes, electron concentrations and masses, areestimated. Three types of roundchroms are established according to theirstructure. The empirical relationship between their electronconcentration n_e and intercomponent distance a - n_e = K a^-0.80,discovered earlier, is confirmed by data for over fifty close binarysystems. This law holds promise for the determination of component radiiof close binary systems and some parameters of their roundchroms.
| Optical positions and proper motions of radio stars
The optical positions of 31 radio stars were obtained with the 40 cmastrograph at ZoSe Section, Shanghai Observatory from 1985 to 1988. Theobservational positions and the proper motions of these radio stars inthe FK5 system are given in this paper.
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Observation and Astrometry data
| Constellation: | Libra |
| Right ascension: | 14h35m48.42s |
| Declination: | -18°02'11.5" |
| Apparent magnitude: | 9.178 |
| Proper motion RA: | -18.5 |
| Proper motion Dec: | -18.2 |
| B-T magnitude: | 10.562 |
| V-T magnitude: | 9.293 |
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